基于51單片機的電機轉速控制Proteus仿真程序

ID:758163 · 發表于 2020-6-3 01:34

仿真原理圖如下（proteus仿真工程文件可到本帖附件中下載）

單片機源程序如下:
#include<reg52.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
#define THC0 0xf9
#define TLC0 0x0f //2ms
unsigned char  code Duan[]={0x3F, 0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0x7F,0x6F};//共陰極數碼管，0-9段碼表
unsigned char  Data_Buffer[8]={0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};          // 顯示緩沖

uchar i=0;
sbit AddSpeed=P1^1;
sbit SubSpeed=P1^2;
sbit TurnForward=P1^3;
sbit TurnBackward=P1^4;
sbit Stop=P1^5;

sbit IN1=P3^0;
sbit IN2=P3^1;
sbit PWM_FC=P1^0;
int e ,e1 ,e2 ;
float uk ,uk1 ,duk ;//pid輸出值
float Kp=15,Ki=12,Kd=1.6;
int out=0;
uint SpeedSet=380;
uint cnt=0;
uint Inpluse=0,num=0;//脈沖計數
uint PWMTime=100;//脈沖寬度
unsigned char  arry[];
void SendString(uint ch);
void PIDControl();
void SystemInit();
void delay(uchar x);
void PWMOUT();
void SetSpeed();
void SegRefre();
/**************主函數************/
void main()
{
SystemInit();
while(1)
{
      SetSpeed();    //按鍵設定速度
      SegRefre();    //數碼管顯示刷新
      PWMOUT();    //輸出PWM

}
}

void PIDControl()       //pid偏差計算
{
e=SpeedSet-num;
duk=(Kp*(e-e1)+Ki*e+Kd*(e-2*e1+e2))/50;
uk=uk1+duk;
out=(int)uk; //輸出為占空比
if(out>1000)
{
      out=1000;
}
else if(out<0)
{
      out=0;
}
uk1=uk;             //變量值移位
e2=e1;
e1=e;
PWMTime=out;
}

void delay(uchar x)
{
uint i,j;
for(i=x;i>0;i--)
      for(j=50;j>0;j--);
}

void PWMOUT()
{
if(cnt<PWMTime)
{
      PWM_FC=1;
}
else
{
      PWM_FC=0;
}
if(cnt>1000) cnt=0;
}
void SystemInit()
{
TMOD=0X21;
TH0=THC0;
TL0=TLC0;
TH1=0xC0;
TL1=0XC0;
ET1=1;
ET0=1;
TR0=1;
TR1=1;
EX0=1;
IT0=1;
EA=1;
e =0;
e1=0;
e2=0;
IN1 = 1;
IN2 = 0;
}
void SetSpeed()
{
if(AddSpeed==0)
{
      delay(200);          //消抖處理
      if(AddSpeed==0)
      {
         SpeedSet+=10;
         if(SpeedSet>1500)
         {
            SpeedSet=1500;
         }
      }
}
if(SubSpeed==0)
{
      delay(200);
      if(SubSpeed==0)
      {
         SpeedSet-=10;
         if(SpeedSet<0) SpeedSet=0;
      }
}
if(TurnForward==0)
{
      delay(200);
      if(TurnForward==0)
      {
         IN1 = 1;
         IN2 = 0;
         while(TurnForward==0);
      }
}
if(TurnBackward==0)
{
      delay(200);
      if(TurnBackward==0)
      {
         IN1 = 0;
         IN2 = 1;
         while(TurnBackward==0);
      }
}
if(Stop==0)
{
      delay(200);
      if(Stop==0)
      {
         IN1 = 1;
         IN2 = 1;
         while(Stop==0);
      }
}

}
void SegRefre()    //顯示刷新
{
   Data_Buffer[0]=SpeedSet/1000;       //分離設定值各位
   Data_Buffer[1]=SpeedSet%1000/100;
   Data_Buffer[2]=SpeedSet%100/10;
   Data_Buffer[3]=SpeedSet%10;
   Data_Buffer[4]=num/1000;
   Data_Buffer[5]=num%1000/100;
   Data_Buffer[6]=num%100/10;
   Data_Buffer[7]=num%10;
}

void int0() interrupt 0
{
Inpluse++;       //采集外部脈沖
}
void t0() interrupt 1
{
static unsigned char Bit=0;
static unsigned int time=0;
TH0=THC0;
TL0=TLC0;

Bit++;
time++;  //轉速測量周期
if(Bit>8) Bit=0;
P0=0xff;
P2=Duan[Data_Buffer[Bit]];  //顯示段碼
switch(Bit)                //數碼管位選
{
      case 0:P0=0X7F;break;
      case 1:P0=0XBF;break;
      case 2:P0=0XDF;break;
      case 3:P0=0XEF;break;
      case 4:P0=0XF7;break;
      case 5:P0=0XFB;break;
      case 6:P0=0XFD;break;
      case 7:P0=0XFE;break;
}
if(time>100)
{
      time=0;
      num=Inpluse*5;
      Inpluse=0;
      PIDControl();
}
}
void timer_1()  interrupt 3
{
cnt++;  //cnt越大占空比越高2.5Khz
}

全部資料51hei下載地址：

單片機直流電機.zip (1.81 MB, 下載次數: 178)