超級電容是容量在法拉級體積卻很小的電容,現在已經廣泛應用在好多電器里面的說...
比如說涅,有些電器用它來作為斷電后維持內部時鐘運行的暫時性電源,,,
有些容量灰常大的,甚至被當做后備電源來使用...
想起來,我的元件庫里有不少的說~
這東西給我的印象就是...首先,容量很大...別的電容用μF,nF,甚至pF(p為10的-12次方)做單位,這種家伙都是上F的!汗一個;其次耐壓好低,我手頭上這些都2.5V的到6.3V的,再汗一個,現在應該很過時了~
其實,接觸過元件的人應該知道,同樣體積的電容,容量標的越高,其耐壓就越低.反之電壓標到很高的,容量就很小...呵呵,灰常簡單啦,高中物理都教過C=Q/U啦!假設在某一技術水平下,某一體積的電容器能夠儲存的電荷量為定值Q,由于式中C跟U成反比,那么標的"容量"(也就是C)越大,那U就越小咯,反之同理。所以決定電容體積大小的應該是電荷量Q啦~
廢話一堆了,轉入正題。今天上網看到一篇關于"自制超級電容"的文章,老外寫的,有意思~
有空可以試試,,,
How It Works
To make C1, Ollie first cut four 2-inch squares of paper towel and five 1.75-inch squares of activated carbon aquarium filter material. He stacked the paper and activated carbon filter squares as shown in Fig. 2. He then placed the two PC boards as shown in Fig. 2 (copper sides facing toward one another) to form a sandwich-like structure that he held together with a rubber band. After the assembly was ready, he dripped some lemon juice into the four sides of the sandwich.
Figure 2. How the homemade super capacitor is assembled.
Ollie's super capacitor demonstration circuit is shown in Fig. 3. In operation, C1 is charged by switching S1 to position 1 for a minute. This will charge C1 to about 3.3 volts. When S1 is switched to position 2, the LED will glow for 15 seconds or more. C1 can then be recharged for another cycle.
其實我沒說過我看的懂哈...
結構(看第一張圖)就是最上面和最下面各有一塊邊長1-2寸的覆銅板（做印刷電路板用的那種原料,話說用銅板當然也是很OK的啦），銅箔朝里，中間是幾層活性炭(用于'汽車除味'的東東里面就有,貌似魚缸店里也有的賣)和餐巾紙交錯疊加起來，最后在餐巾紙上滴上檸檬汁(LEMON JUICE!話說檸檬有點貴呢)，超級電容就做成了。電路中(第二張圖)用6V電池充電后存的電能可以點亮LED(發光二極管)15秒鐘或者更長時間(當然,中間串聯了一個680Ω的電阻用于限流)。個人覺得那個1kΩ的可以換成小一些的,從原文中可知C1 is charged by switching S1 to position 1 for a minute. This will charge C1 to about 3.3 volts.無非就是限制電容器充電的電流和電壓...假如直接使用3.3volts的電源給它充,這個電阻可以直接去掉咯~
好像最近跟電容比較有來往啊...